We live in a world of homological conjectures.

Let's see some of them in the setting of finite dimensional algebras. Throughout, let $A$ be a finite dimensional algebra.

Finitistic dimension conjecture

The reason why we are here: it states that \[ \mathrm{findim}(A) := \{\mathrm{pd}(M) \colon M \in \mathrm{mod } A, \mathrm{pd}(M) < \infty \} \] is always finite.

The vanishing conjecture

Consider $K^b(\mathrm{inj}(I))$ as a full subcategory of $D^b(A)$. For a complex $X \in D^b(A)$, if we have $\mathrm{Hom}_{D^b(A)}(I,X) =0$ for every $I \in K^b(\mathrm{inj}(I))$, then $X = 0$.

Nunke's condition

If $X$ is a nonzero $A$-module, then there is an $i \ge 0$ such that $\mathrm{Ext}_A^i(DA,X) \neq 0$.

Generalized Nakayama conjecture

If $S$ is a simple $A$-module, then there is an $i \ge 0$ such that $\mathrm{Ext}_A^i(DA, S) \neq 0$.

Auslander-Reiten conjecture

If $M$ is a generator in $\mathrm{mod} A$ and $\mathrm{Ext}_A^i(M,M) =0$ for any $i > 0$, then $M$ is projective.

Nakayama conjecture

Let $ 0 \to A \to I^0 \to I^1 \to \dots$ be the minimal injective resolution of $A$. If the dominant dimension \[ \mathrm{domdim} A := \inf\{n \colon I^n \text{ is not projective.}\} \] is not finite, then $A$ is self-injective.

We have implications \[ \begin{align} \mathrm{FDC} \implies \mathrm{VC} \implies \mathrm{NuC} \implies \mathrm{GNC} \implies \mathrm{NC} \end{align} \]

• If we can prove the finitistic dimension conjecture, then we have a proof for all the other conjectures.
• If we can find a counterexample to the Nakayama conjecture, then we have a counterexample for all the other conjectures.

I am a commutative algebraist.

Therefore, we will start with some commutative algebra definitions.

Depth

Given a local ring $(R, \mathfrak{m})$ and a finitely generated $R$-module $M$. The depth of $M$ is \[ \mathrm{depth}(M) = \inf\{i \colon \mathrm{Ext}_R^i(R/\mathfrak{m},M) \neq 0 \}. \]

The dimension of $M$, $\mathrm{dim}(M)$, is the Krull dimension of the quotient ring $R/\mathrm{ann}_R(M)$.

We have inequalities \[\mathrm{depth}(M) \leq \mathrm{dim}(M) \leq \mathrm{dim} R. \]

Cohen-Macaulayness

We have inequalities \[\mathrm{depth}(M) \leq \mathrm{dim}(M) \leq \mathrm{dim} R. \]

We say that $R$ is a Cohen-Macaulay ring if $\mathrm{depth} R = \dim R$ and $M$ is a maximal Cohen-Macaulay module if $\mathrm{depth} M = \dim R$. We denote the category of MCM modules by $\mathrm{CM}(R)$.

From now on, we will assume that $R$ is a CM local ring of dimension $d < \infty$ with maximal ideal $\mathfrak{m}$ unless otherwise stated.

Canonical module

We say that a finitely generated $R$-module $\omega_R$ is a (the) canonical module if

• it is maximal Cohen-Macaulay,
• it has finite injective dimension,
• it satisfies $\mathrm{Ext}^d_R(R/\mathfrak{m}, \omega_R) \cong R/\mathfrak{m}$.

We have $\mathrm{Ext}_R^1(-,\omega_R) = 0$ on $\mathrm{CM}(R)$.

We have an exact duality $D:=\mathrm{Hom}_R(-,\omega_R): \mathrm{CM}(R) \leftrightarrow \mathrm{CM}(R)$.

We say that $R$ is a Gorenstein ring if $\omega_R \cong R$.

Time to get noncommutative

Depth

Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring, $\Lambda$ be a module-finite $R$-algebra with Jacobson radical $J$ and $M$ a finitely generated right $\Lambda$-module. Then,

Cohen-Macaulayness

Canonical module

Cohen-Macaulay injectives

CM-injective resolutions

Let $M$ be Cohen-Macaulay $\Lambda$-module. By dualizing a (minimal) projective resolution of the $\Lambda^{\mathrm{op}}$-module $DM$, we can obtain a CM-injective resolution of $M$ - an injective resolution in $\mathrm{CM}(\Lambda)$.

Example: If $Q$ is an acyclic quiver and $R$ is a Cohen-Macaulay local ring, then the CM-injective dimension of $\Lambda = RQ$ is 1.

Auslander-Buchsbaum

If the CM-injective dimension of $\Lambda$ is $n$, then for any finitely generated $\Lambda$-module $M$ with finite projective dimension, we have \[ d \leq \mathrm{pd}_\Lambda (M) + \mathrm{depth} (M) \leq n + d. \]

Gorenstein orders

We say that $\Lambda$ is a Gorenstein order if its CM-injective dimension is 0. This is equivalent to saying that $\omega$ is a projective module (both as a $\Lambda$ and $\Lambda^{\mathrm{op}}$-module).

A geometric situation

Suppose that $f: Y \to \mathrm{spec }R$ is a projective birational map where $Y$ and $R$ are both normal and Gorenstein of dimension $d$. Suppose that there is a (noncommutative) ring $\Lambda$ such that $D^b(Y) \cong D^b(\Lambda)$. Then, we have $f$ is crepant if and only if $\Lambda$ is an $R$-order. If $\Lambda$ has finite global dimension, then it is a non-singular order (a noncommutative crepant resolution (vdB)).

Cohen-Macaulay dominant dimension

Everything (almost always) works the same.

Definition

Let $ 0 \to \Lambda \to I^0 \to I^1 \to \dots$ be a minimal CM-injective resolution of $\Lambda$. Then, the CM-dominant dimension of $\Lambda$ is defined as \[ \mathrm{CMdomdim}(\Lambda) := \inf\{n \colon I^n \text{ is not projective.}.\} \]

A noncommutative phenomenon

This invariant, when applied to commutative rings, is not very interesting.

Iyama's Auslander-type conditions

In his seminal work on ``Auslander correspondence", Iyama considers $(m,n)$-conditions. He covers the case where the base ring is a regular local ring. In his language, the CM dominant dimension of an order is at least $\ell$ if and only if the order satisfies the $(d+1, d+\ell)$-condition.

Regular sequences

A failed attempt

I thought I had a counterexample.

The complete (2,1)-scroll

I should have known.

Since $\Lambda$ has finite CM-injective dimension, by the Auslander-Buchsbaum type of inequality, the CM-finitistic dimension conjecture holds and therefore the CM-Nakayama conjecture should hold. Therefore, it is clear that $\Lambda$ does not have infinite CM-dominant dimension.

But I did not know. So, I considered the following arguments.

There is one (and only one) mistake in the slides with red background.

Let $R$ be any CM local ring and $M$ be an MCM $R$-module which has $R$ and $\omega_R$ as a direct summand. Consider $DM$ and a projective resolution $\mathbb{P}$ of $DM$ and dualize it to get a CM-injective resolution $D\mathbb{P}$ of $M$. Then, apply the functor $\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,-)$ to it. We have a complex \[ 0 \to \Gamma = \mathrm{End}_R(M) \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)^{n_0} \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)^{n_1} \to \ldots \] which may or may not have cohomology. In fact, the cohomology of this is isomorphic to $\mathrm{Ext}^*_R(M,M)$.

Since we assume that $M$ contains $R$ as a direct summand, we have that $M_\Gamma$ is a direct summand of $\Gamma_\Gamma$. Indeed, if we have $M = R\oplus M'$, then we have $\Gamma_\Gamma = \mathrm{Hom}_R(_R M, _R M_\Gamma) = \mathrm{Hom}_R(_R R \oplus _R M', _R M_\Gamma) = M_\Gamma \oplus \mathrm{Hom}_R(M',M)$. So, $\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)$ is a CM-injective $\Gamma$-module.

So, we have $\color{black}{0 \to \Gamma \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)^{n_0} \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)^{n_1}} \to \mathrm{Hom}_R(M,\omega_R)^{n_2} \to \ldots $ where the terms are CM-projective-injective $\Gamma$-modules. The black portion is always exact by the half-exactness of $\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,-)$ and we may get more exactness by Ext vanishing.

Were you able to find the mistake?

I sent my "finding" to people.

Thank you

Question: Do you need to assume that "minimal" CM-injective resolutions exist?

Answer: Yes, I forgot to add the semi-perfect assumption on $\Lambda$ when I was making the slides. You can guarantee this by assuming that $R$ is complete, for example.